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pdf_base.ps
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1995-11-25
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11KB
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345 lines
% Copyright (C) 1994 Aladdin Enterprises. All rights reserved.
% pdf_base.ps
% Basic parser for PDF reader.
% This handles basic parsing of the file (including the trailer
% and cross-reference table), as well as objects, object references,
% and streams; it doesn't include any facilities for making marks on
% the page.
/.setlanguagelevel where { pop 2 .setlanguagelevel } if
.currentglobal true .setglobal
/pdfdict where { pop } { /pdfdict 100 dict def } ifelse
pdfdict begin
% We rebind # and #dsc later if we're writing out PostScript.
/# % <arg1> ... <argN> <opname> <N> # -
{ pop cvx exec
} bind def
/#dsc % mark <obj1> ... #dsc -
{ cleartomark
} bind def
% Define the name interpretation dictionary for reading values.
/valueopdict mark
(<<) cvn { mark } bind % don't push an actual mark!
(>>) cvn /.dicttomark load
/[ { mark } bind % ditto
/] /] load
/true true
/false false
/null null
/F dup cvx % see Objects section below
/R dup cvx % see Objects section below
/stream dup cvx % see Streams section below
.dicttomark readonly def
% ------ Utilities ------ %
% Define a scratch string. The PDF language definition says that
% no line in a PDF file can exceed 255 characters.
/pdfstring 255 string def
% Read the previous line of a file. If we aren't at a line boundary,
% read the line containing the current position.
/prevline % - prevline <startpos> <substring>
{ PDFfile fileposition pdfstring
1 index 257 sub 0 .max PDFfile exch setfileposition
{ PDFfile fileposition
PDFfile 2 index readline pop
% Stack: initpos string startpos substring
PDFfile fileposition 4 index ge { exit } if
pop pop
}
loop 4 2 roll pop pop
} bind def
% Execute a file, interpreting its executable names in a given
% dictionary. The name procedures may do whatever they want
% to the operand stack.
/pdfrun % <file> <opdict> pdfrun -
{ % Construct a procedure with the file and opdict bound into it.
1 index cvlit mark mark 4 2 roll
{ token not { (%%EOF) cvn cvx } if
dup xcheck
{ DEBUG { dup == flush } if
2 copy .knownget
{ exch pop exch pop exec }
{ .stderr dup (****************Unknown operator: ) writestring
exch .writecvs .stderr dup (\n) writestring flushfile
pop
}
ifelse
}
{ exch pop DEBUG { dup ==only ( ) print flush } if
}
ifelse
}
aload pop .packtomark cvx
/loop cvx 2 packedarray cvx
{ stopped /PDFsource } aload pop
PDFsource
{ store { stop } if } aload pop .packtomark cvx
/PDFsource 3 -1 roll store exec
} bind def
% ------ File reading ------ %
% Read the cross-reference entry for an (unresolved) object.
% The caller must save and restore the PDFfile position if desired.
/readxrefentry % <object#> readxrefentry <objpos>
{ dup Objects exch get
PDFfile exch setfileposition
PDFfile token pop % object position
PDFfile token pop % generation #
PDFfile token pop % n or f
/n ne { /readxrefentry cvx /syntaxerror signalerror } if
dup 255 gt
{ Generations type /stringtype eq
{ % Convert Generations from a string to an array.
Generations length array dup
0 1 2 index length 1 sub
{ Generations 1 index get put dup
}
for pop /Generations exch store
}
if
}
if
% Stack: obj# objpos gen#
Generations 4 -1 roll 3 -1 roll put
} bind def
% ================================ Objects ================================ %
% We represent an unresolved object reference by a procedure of the form
% {obj# gen# resolveR}. This is not a possible PDF object, because PDF has
% no way to represent procedures. Since PDF in fact has no way to represent
% any PostScript object that doesn't evaluate to itself, we can 'force'
% a possibly indirect object painlessly with 'exec'.
% Note that since we represent streams by executable dictionaries
% (see below), we need both an xcheck and a type check to determine
% whether an object has been resolved.
/unresolved? % <object#> unresolved? <bool>
{ Objects exch get dup xcheck exch type /integertype eq and
} bind def
/oforce /exec load def
/oget % <array> <index> oget <object>
% <dict> <key> oget <object>
{ 2 copy get dup xcheck
{ exec dup 4 1 roll put }
{ exch pop exch pop }
ifelse
} bind def
% A null value in a dictionary is equivalent to an omitted key;
% we must check for this specially.
/knownoget
{ 2 copy known
{ oget dup null eq { pop false } { true } ifelse }
{ pop pop false }
ifelse
} bind def
% PDF 1.1 defines a 'foreign file reference', but not its meaning.
% Per the specification, we convert these to nulls.
/F % <file#> <object#> <generation#> F <object>
{ % Some PDF 1.1 files use F as a synonym for f!
count 3 lt { setfillcolor /f fs } { pop pop pop null } ifelse
} bind def
% We keep track of objects in a pair of arrays, Objects and Generations.
% Generations[N] is the current generation number for object number N.
% (As far as we can tell, this is needed only for error checking.)
% If object N is loaded, Objects[N] is the actual object;
% otherwise, Objects[N] is an executable integer giving the file offset
% of the object's entry in the cross-reference table.
/checkgeneration % <object#> <generation#> checkgeneration <object#>
{ Generations 2 index get 1 index ne
{ (Wrong generation: ) print 1 index =only ( ) print dup =
/R cvx /rangecheck signalerror
}
if pop
} bind def
/R % <object#> <generation#> R <object>
{ 1 index unresolved?
{ /resolveR cvx 3 packedarray cvx }
{ Objects 2 index get 3 1 roll checkgeneration pop }
ifelse
} bind def
% If we encounter an object definition while reading sequentially,
% we just store it away and keep going.
/objopdict mark
valueopdict { } forall
/endobj dup cvx
.dicttomark readonly def
/obj % <object#> <generation#> obj <object>
{ PDFfile objopdict pdfrun
} bind def
/endobj % <object#> <generation#> <object> endobj <object>
{ 3 1 roll
% Read the xref entry if we haven't yet done so.
% This is only needed for generation # checking.
1 index unresolved?
{ PDFfile fileposition
2 index readxrefentry pop
PDFfile exch setfileposition
} if
checkgeneration
Objects exch 2 index put
} bind def
% When resolving an object reference, we stop at the endobj.
/resolveopdict mark
valueopdict { } forall
/endobj { endobj exit } bind
.dicttomark readonly def
/resolveR % <object#> <generation#> resolveR <object>
{ DEBUG { (Resolving: ) print 2 copy 2 array astore == } if
1 index unresolved?
{ PDFfile fileposition 3 1 roll
1 index readxrefentry
3 1 roll checkgeneration
% Stack: savepos objpos obj#
exch PDFfile exch setfileposition
PDFfile token pop 2 copy ne
{ (xref error!\n) print /resolveR cvx /rangecheck signalerror
}
if pop PDFfile token pop
PDFfile token pop /obj ne
{ (xref error!\n) print /resolveR cvx /rangecheck signalerror
}
if
PDFfile resolveopdict pdfrun
exch PDFfile exch setfileposition
}
{ pop Objects exch get
}
ifelse
} bind def
%================================ Streams ================================ %
% We represent a stream by an executable dictionary that contains,
% in addition to the contents of the original stream dictionary:
% /File - the file or string where the stream contents are stored;
% /FilePosition - iff File is a file, the position in the file
% where the contents start.
% We do the real work of constructing the data stream only when the
% contents are needed.
% Construct a stream. The length is not reliable in the face of
% different end-of-line conventions, but it's all we've got.
% Since the stream keyword may be followed by 0, 1, or more blanks,
% we have to back up in the file to find where the data actually starts.
% The stream keyword may be followed by a blank line, which we also
% must skip before reading any data. (This is chancy if the data are
% in binary form, but such files are questionable to begin with.)
/streamskipeols
{ { PDFsource read not { /stream cvx /syntaxerror signalerror } if
dup 10 eq 1 index 13 eq or not { PDFsource exch unread exit } if pop
}
loop
} bind def
/stream
{ PDFsource PDFfile eq
{ dup /File PDFfile put
prevline pop pop
streamskipeols
dup /FilePosition PDFfile fileposition put
PDFfile fileposition 1 index /Length oget add
PDFfile exch setfileposition
}
{ % We're already reading from a stream, which we can't reposition.
% Capture the sub-stream contents in a string.
streamskipeols
dup /Length oget string PDFsource exch readstring
not
{ (Unexpected EOF in stream!\n) print
/stream cvx /rangecheck signalerror
}
if
1 index exch /File exch put
}
ifelse
PDFsource token pop
/endstream ne { /stream cvx /syntaxerror signalerror } if
cvx
} bind def
% Resolve a stream dictionary to a PostScript stream.
% Streams with no filters require special handling:
% - If we are going to interpret their contents, we let endstream
% terminate the interpretation loop;
% - If we are just going to read data from them, we impose
% a SubFileDecode filter that reads just the requisite amount of data.
% Note that, in general, resolving a stream repositions PDFfile.
% Clients must save and restore the position of PDFfile themselves.
/resolvestream % <streamdict> <readdata?> resolvestream <stream>
{ exch dup /FilePosition .knownget
{ 1 index /File get exch setfileposition }
if
% Stack: readdata? dict
dup /DecodeParms .knownget not { null } if
1 index /Filter .knownget not { {} } if
dup type /nametype eq
{ 1 array astore
1 index null ne { exch 1 array astore exch } if
}
if
% Stack: readdata? dict parms filternames
2 index /File get exch
% Stack: readdata? dict parms file/string filternames
dup length 0 eq
{ % All the PDF filters have EOD markers, but in this case
% there is no specified filter.
pop exch pop
% Stack: readdata? dict file/string
2 index
{ % We're going to read data; use a SubFileDecode filter.
1 index /Length oget () /SubFileDecode filter
}
{ dup type /filetype ne
{ % Use a SubFileDecode filter to read from a string.
0 () SubFileDecode filter
}
if
}
ifelse
}
{ 2 index null eq
{ { filter }
}
{ % Stack: readdata? dict parms file/string filtername
{ 2 index 0 get dup null eq { pop } { exch } ifelse filterpdf
exch dup length 1 sub 1 exch getinterval exch
}
}
ifelse forall exch pop
}
ifelse
% Stack: readdata? dict file
exch pop exch pop
} bind def
/endstream { exit } def
% Construct a PDF filter. These are the same as PostScript filters,
% with one exception: LZWDecode filters with Predictor=2 must insert
% a PixelDifferenceDecode filter in the pipeline.
/filterpdf % <source> <...params...> <name> filterpdf <stream>
{ dup /LZWDecode eq 2 index type /dicttype eq and
{ 1 index /Predictor .knownget not { 1 } if 1 sub
{ { filter }
{ 1 index 4 1 roll filter exch /PixelDifferenceDecode filter }
}
exch get exec
}
{ filter
}
ifelse
} bind def
end % pdfdict
.setglobal